The South China Sea Dispute: A History of Conflict

Background

The South China Sea is a vital waterway that has been a source of conflict for centuries. The sea is home to a number of small islands and reefs, many of which are claimed by multiple countries. The most fiercely contested area is the Spratly Islands, which are claimed by China, Taiwan, Vietnam, Malaysia, Brunei, and the Philippines.

China's Claims

China claims the entire South China Sea as its own, based on historical maps and documents. China has been increasing its military presence in the area in recent years, and has built artificial islands on some of the reefs.

The Philippines' Claims

The Philippines claims certain islands and reefs in the South China Sea, based on a 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. The Philippines has also been increasing its military presence in the area.

Tensions between China and the Philippines

Tensions between China and the Philippines have been rising in recent years, as both countries have been asserting their claims in the South China Sea. In 2012, a Chinese naval ship sank a Philippine fishing boat, killing one Filipino fisherman.

The US Role

The United States has been a key player in the South China Sea dispute. The US has a long-standing commitment to freedom of navigation in the area, and has sent warships to patrol the sea. The US has also been providing military assistance to the Philippines.

Recent Developments

In recent months, tensions between China and the Philippines have escalated. In July 2016, the Philippines filed a complaint with the United Nations against China's claims in the South China Sea. In response, China has warned the Philippines not to take any "provocative" actions.

The Future of the Dispute

The future of the South China Sea dispute is uncertain. China is likely to continue to assert its claims in the area, while the Philippines and other countries are likely to continue to resist. The US is also likely to continue to play a key role in the dispute.